| Main Ref. | Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Inhabits muddy and sandy bottoms along the shore of bays and estuaries, sometimes ascends rivers (Ref. 559). Larvae and juveniles (0.9-1.3 cm SL) took mainly small planktonic animals, while newly settled and benthic juveniles (1.4-2.0 cm SL) consumed predominantly small benthic or epiphytic crustaceans, along with polychaetes. The contribution of polychaetes to the diets increased in larger individuals (2.1-5.3 and 5.4-11.4 cm SL). (Ref. 53631). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Horinouchi, M. and M. Sano, 2000 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 3.39 | 0.32 | 3.31 | 0.41 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| From individual food items | 3.07 | 0.23 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Horinouchi, M. and M. Sano, 2000 | ||||