| Main Ref. | Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith, 1984 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Occurs in shallow coastal waters and enters river mouths and estuaries. Feeds mainly on echinoderms, worms, crustaceans and mollusks (Ref. 3507). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith, 1984 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 3.17 | 0.28 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| From individual food items | 3.39 | 0.41 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Nasir, N.A., 2000 | ||||