| Ref. principal | Olesiuk, P.F., 1993 |
|---|---|
| Notas | May occur in large schools near the surface both inshore and offshore, but also buries itself in sand (Ref. 2850). Inshore, found from intertidal to subtidal areas (Ref. 2850). Offshore, found near the surface over deep water (Ref. 2850). Juveniles and adults feed on zooplankton (Ref. 28499). Also feeds on crustaceans, snails and worms (Ref. 58426). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrato | |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Hart, J.L., 1973 |
| Hábito alimentar | selective plankton feeding |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.13 | 0.08 | Troph of juv./adults from 9 studies. | ||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.26 | 0.27 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Khudya, V.N., N.A. Fedotova and I.N. Mukhametov, 1996 | ||||