| Main Ref. | Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Juveniles mesopelagic (Ref. 6181); also benthopelagic (Ref. 5951). Feeds on crustaceans (mainly prawns and euphausiids), small fishes (e.g. Maurolicus) and squid (Ref. 6202). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Parin, N.V., T.A. Gorelova and O.D. Borodulina, 1990 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Haimovici, M., A.S. Martins, J.L. Figueiredo and P.C. Vieira, 1994 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.94 | 0.66 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||