| Ref. principal | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Found in shallow water and around coral and rocky reefs (Ref. 3790). Usually remains near the bottom, hiding among gorgonians and branching coral (Ref. 9710). Feeds on bottom growth, primarily sponge and algae, but stomach often contain tunicates, bryozoans and other sessile benthic invertebrates (Ref. 5521). The young are pelagic and highly important food items in the diet of large predaceous fishes such as tunas and billfishes (Ref. 3790). Feeds on plants and benthic organisms (Ref. 33). Omnivore (Ref. 57616). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrato | Hard Bottom; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Tyler, J.C., 1978 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| Hábito alimentar | variable |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 2.62 | 0.14 | 2.65 | 0.15 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 2.90 | 0.17 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||