| Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., 2001 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Observed often on steep rocky substrata off promontories at depths of 15 m or more. Feeds on zooplankton, generally in small groups with individuals, as high as 5 m above the bottom (Ref. 39287). Diurnal species (Ref. 54980). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Randall, J.E., 2001 |
| Special habitats | : reef slope/drop-offs; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | |
| Feeding habit | |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.40 | 0.45 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
| Ref. | |||||