| Main Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Adults inhabit lagoon and seaward coral and rocky reefs (Ref. 9710). Prefer habitat consisting of boulder substrates or mixed rock, rubble, and sand, at depths between about 3 and 30 m (Ref. 125611). Diurnal species (Ref. 54980; 113699). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Shao, K.-T. and L.-S. Chen, 1992 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Allen, G.R. and M.G. Allen, 2021 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
| Feeding habit | selective plankton feeding |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.40 | 0.45 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
| Ref. | |||||