| Ref. principal | Brown, L.R., S.A. Matern and P.B. Moyle, 1995 |
|---|---|
| Notas | There appears to be two genetically distinct forms (Ref. 27547), an inland form found in sandy and rocky shores of lakes, and a coastal form usually found over sand in quiet runs of small to medium rivers; sometimes in salt water near river mouths (Ref. 2850). The coastal form moves into brackish estuaries to spawn (Ref. 27547). Feed mainly on aquatic insect larvae and bottom invertebrates (Ref. 1998). Juvenile and adults feed mainly on insects (Ref. 13348). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrato | Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | Morrow, J.E., 1980 |
| Special habitats | |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Brown, L.R., S.A. Matern and P.B. Moyle, 1995 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Brown, L.R., S.A. Matern and P.B. Moyle, 1995 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.20 | 3.10 | 0.40 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.61 | 0.51 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Brown, L.R., S.A. Matern and P.B. Moyle, 1995 | ||||