| Main Ref. | Connell, S.D., 1998 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Inhabits inshore silty reefs; there are no records from depths greater than 50 m (Ref. 5222). Also found in coral reefs (Ref. 58534). Feeds on crustaceans, fishes, and worms (Ref. 5222). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Shao, K.-T., C.-P. Lin, L.-T. Ho and P.-L. Lin, 1990 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Connell, S.D., 1998 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 4.02 | 0.51 | 3.73 | 0.51 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| From individual food items | 3.64 | 0.53 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Connell, S.D., 1998 | ||||