| Ref. principal | Bardach, J.E., 1959 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Found in small groups over coral and rocky reefs and drop-offs (Ref. 9710). Juveniles are abundant in Thalassia beds (Ref. 5217). Feeds on crustaceans, bivalves, and occasionally on small fishes. Carnivore (Ref. 57616). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrato | : rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs: reef slope/drop-offs; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | Cleaned by goby (Gobiosoma evelynae and others) and hogfish (Bodianus rufus) as observed on the coral reefs in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (Ref. 36810). |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Bardach, J.E., 1959 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2005 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.48 | 0.22 | 3.32 | 0.42 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.41 | 0.52 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||