| Main Ref. | Ebert, D.A., S. Fowler and M. Dando, 2021 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Found on continental and island shelves and slopes, occasionally near surface or inshore from 0 to 700 m depth. Feeds on small to medium-sized bony fishes and occassionally on crustaceans (Ref. 125614). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Ebert, D.A., S. Fowler and M. Dando, 2021 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 4.24 | 0.70 | 4.13 | 0.64 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| From individual food items | 3.98 | 0.65 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 | ||||