| Main Ref. | Clarke, T.A., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Oceanic, epipelagic to mesopelagic (Ref. 4066). Found between 475 to over 900 m during the day and between 100-500 m at night (Ref. 4066). Maximum abundance found between 300-500 m at night. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
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|
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| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Clarke, T.A., 1980 |
| Feeding habit | selective plankton feeding |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Hopkins, T.L., T.T. Sutton and T.M. Lancraft, 1996 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.12 | 0.28 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||