| Ref. principal | Myers, R.F., 1991 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Occur in small groups over seagrass beds, sand and rubble areas of coral reefs, deep channels, and lagoons. Usually found in shallow water. Usually seen solitary but sometimes swim in small groups. Juveniles in seagrass beds (Ref. 48635). Feed mainly on crustaceans, fishes, and echinoderms. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Soft Bottom: sand; Hard Bottom: rubble; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.78 | 3.55 | 0.48 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.75 | 0.58 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 | ||||