| Ref. principal | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
|---|---|
| Notas | This species is common near the edge of the continental and island shelves; also found in deeper waters (below 200 m); usually ascending to shallow water at night. Feeds on fish, benthic invertebrates, cephalopods and some pelagic items like urochordates (Ref. 55). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrato | |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.09 | 0.49 | 3.10 | 0.58 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.67 | 0.49 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 | ||||