| Main Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Remarks | A common species that is found among Zostera marina and Sargassum beds. Eggs are deposited in the peribranchial cavity of sea squirts (Ref. 34819, 41071). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Horinouchi, M. and M. Sano, 2000 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 4.28 | 0.44 | 3.75 | 0.45 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| From individual food items | 3.71 | 0.62 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Horinouchi, M. and M. Sano, 2000 | ||||