| Ref. principal | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Found near the surface in coastal waters (Ref. 30573). Found in small schools. Feeds on fishes (Ref. 5213). Dorsal and anal fins may carry toxins (Ref. 12484). Coastal species that forms small schools and associates with other species. Intolerant of low salinities. Feeds on small fishes, krill, mantis shrimp, and small squids (Ref. 9773). Pelagic (Ref. 137525). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Pelagic; Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | Matich, P., J.J. Kiszka, K.R. Gastrich and M.R. Heithaus, 2017 |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002 |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | schooling; |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 4.11 | 0.64 | 4.26 | 0.69 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 4.17 | 0.60 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba and P.V. Nichols, 1990 | ||||