| Ref. principal | Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Sometimes entering estuaries (especially the juveniles) and tolerating salinities as low as 4 o/oo; strong migrations between winter feeding and summer spawning grounds. Move to the surface at night. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrato | Pelagic; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Habitats especiais Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985 |
| Hábito alimentar | selective plankton feeding |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | |||||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.01 | 0.07 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Oven, L.S., N.F. Shevchenko and V.E. Giragosov, 1997 | ||||