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Melanorivulus proximus Costa, 2018 |
| Family: | Rivulidae (Rivulines), subfamily: Rivulinae | |||
| Max. size: | 3 cm SL (male/unsexed); 2.74 cm SL (female) | |||
| Environment: | benthopelagic; freshwater | |||
| Distribution: | South America: middle section of the Rio Aporé drainage, upper Rio Paraná Basin in Brazil. | |||
| Diagnosis: | Dorsal soft rays (total): 9-11; Anal soft rays: 13-15; Vertebrae: 30-31. Melanorivulus proximus can be diagnosed from all other species of the M. pictus group except M. scalaris by having irregularly arranged, interconnected oblique red bars on flank, forming Y- and X-shaped marks. It differs from M. scalaris by the following characters: females with caudal fin base colour pale orangish pink (vs. pale yellow); males with dorsal and anal fin sharply pointed (vs. rounded to moderately pointed); origin of dorsal fin at vertical between base of 9th and 10th (vs. between base of 7th and 8th); 29-30 longitudinal series of scales (vs. 31-34); pre-dorsal length longer in males (75.9-78.4 % SL vs. 73.0-75.0 % SL); anal-fin base longer (21.1-24.7 % SL in males and 18.8-21.4 % SL in females vs. 18.1-21.0 % SL in males and 16.2-18.5 % SL in females); and 9-10 infraorbital neuromasts around orbit (vs. 11-12) (Ref. 116860). | |||
| Biology: | ||||
| IUCN Red List Status: | Not Evaluated (N.E.) Ref. (130435) | |||
| Threat to humans: | harmless | |||