| 引用出处 | McPhail, J.D. and R. Carveth, 1993, Field key to the freshwater fishes of British Columbia.. Fish Museum, Department of Zoology, U.B.C., Canada, 239 p. |
| 参考文献 | McPhail, J.D. and R. Carveth, 1993 |
| 页 | 3,31,128,151,169 |
| 命名为有效 | Gasterosteus aculeatus |
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