| 引用出處 | McEachran, J.D. and M.R. de Carvalho, 2003, Dasyatidae. Stingrays.. p. 562-571. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 1: Introduction, molluscs, crustaceans, hagfishes, sharks, batoid fishes, and chimaeras. |
| 參考文獻 | McEachran, J.D. and M.R. de Carvalho, 2003 |
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| 已命名為有效 | Hypanus guttatus |
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