| Citation | Harold, A.S., 2003, Astronesthidae. Snaggletooths (stareaters).. p. 893-895. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 2: Bony fishes part 1 (Acipenseridae to Grammatidae). |
| Ref. | Harold, A.S., 2003 |
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| Named Used as Valid | Heterophotus ophistoma |
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