| Citation | Randall, J.E., J.T. Williams, D.G. Smith, M. Kulbicki, G.M. Tham, P. Labrosse, M. Kronen, E. Clua and B.S. Mann, 2003, Checklist of the shore and epipelagic fishes of Tonga.. Atoll Res. Bull. Nos. 502. |
| Ref. | Randall, J.E., J.T. Williams, D.G. Smith, M. Kulbicki, G.M. Tham, P. Labrosse, M. Kronen, E. Clua and B.S. Mann, 2003 |
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| Named Used as Valid | Epinephelus maculatus |
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