| Main Ref. | Coad, B.W. and N.G. Bogutskaya, 2012 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | terminal |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Can be diagnosed by a combination of the following characters: ventral keel well-defined, sharp, scaleless or only slightly scaled; snout short, slightly pointed; mouth terminal with the tip of the mouth cleft on a level with the upper half of the pupil; eye large with orbit width about equal to interorbital width; 47-51 lateral-line scales to posterior margin of hypurals (47-57 total lateral-line scales); 2.5-4.2 pharyngeal teeth; dorsal-fin usually with 8½ branched rays; anal fin usually with 13-16½ branched rays; 40-42, usually 41, total vertebrae; caudal vertebral region longer than abdominal region (most frequent vertebral formulae 20+21, 20+22 and 19+21); and usually 13 or 14 predorsal vertebrae (Ref. 91777). Description: dorsal fin with 3-4 unbranched rays and 8½ - 9½ branched rays (Ref. 91777). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 47 - 57 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | 9 - 11 |
| Scale rows below lateral line | 4 - 5 |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | 16 - 17 |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | 6 - 6 |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | 19 - 21 |
| total | 40 - 42 |
| Attributes | no striking attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | forked |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 14 - 20 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 13 - 15 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position abdominal before origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 7 - 7 |