| Main Ref. | Marceniuk, A.P., A.P. Acero, R. Cooke and R. Betancur-R, 2017 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks | Females have well developed fleshy protuberances or pads in basal portion of the pelvic fins, especially during the reproductive season; vomerine tooth patches ovate to square in females, and reduced and transversally elongated in males; females, accessory tooth patches larger and ovate, while relatively smaller and elongated in males. |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | |
| Cross section | oval |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
This species is distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: gill rakers on the first and second gill arches 36-44 rarely 37 or 36; lateral margin of sphenotic straight, as wide anteriorly as medially; pterotic lateral margin markedly convex, sometimes angled; osseous medial groove absent; median portion of mesethmoid narrow, mesethmoid medial notch narrow and deep; fleshy medial groove of neurocranium conspicuous or inconspicuous, but never surpassing posterior margin of eyes; external posterior branch of lateral ethmoid columnar and thin; fenestra delimited by mesethmoid and lateral ethmoid conspicuous; pterotic lateral margin markedly convex, sometimes angled (Ref. 116660). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |