| Main Ref. | Iwamoto, T. and A. Williams, 1999 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Head broad, shallow, interorbital 31-34% of HL; snout 36-42% HL, with paired tubercular scales at tip; suborbital 17-20% HL; ridge lacking stout scutelike scales; jaws short, upper jaw 24-28% HL, inferior; tooth rows short, crescent -shaped, outer premaxillary series enlarged. Cephalic sensory canal moderately dilated, lacking open pores; lateral line canal with modified scales, interrupted in places. Trunk scales small (11-13 rows between origin of first dorsal fin and lateral line), bearing erect spinules in no particular arrangement; scales along dorsal fins larger than surrounding ones; head completely scaled, including patches on gular and branchiostegal membranes. Spinous second ray of first dorsal fin with small serrations; outer ray of pelvic fins elongated. Anus midway between bases of anal and pelvic fins; periproct narrow; no dermal window of light organ. Eleven trunk vertebrae (Ref. 35909). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 2 - 2 |
| Soft-rays total | 0 - 0 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | pointed |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 16 - 18 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes other (see remarks) |
| Position thoracic beneath origin of D1 | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 8 - 9 |