Chondrostoma ceyhanensis can be diagnosed from all congeners in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey by the combination of the following characteristics: head small (head length 20-21% SL); mouth arched, wide (width of mouth gape 22-27% SL); lower jaw arched, with a slightly developed keratinized edge; snout with slightly pointed tip; isthmus lobe markedly large and round; body slightly deep and thick (depth at dorsal-fin origin 21-25% SL); presence a slight developed keel between pelvic fin and anus; dorsal-fin origin clearly in front of pelvic-fin origin; lateral line with 59-68 scales; 9-11 scale rows between lateral line and dorsal-fin origin; 4-5, rarely 6 scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin; pharyngeal teeth formula 6-6; 24-29 gill rakers on outer side of first gill arch; total vertebrae 46-48, abdominal vertebrae 26-27 and caudal vertebrae 19-21 (Ref. 115538).