| Main Ref. | Iwamoto, T. and N.R. Merrett, 1997 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Snout 2.5 in HL; viewed dorsally somewhat duck-bill shaped, lateral margins convex, completely supported by bone; terminal scute blunt; orbits large, about equal to interorbital width, 1.6-1.7 in snout. Subopercle terminates in slender acute flap. Dermal window of light organ prominent, immediately anterior to periproct, length about 1/3 orbit diameter. Anus slightly removed from anal fin. Underside of head covered with numerous dark filamentous and flaplike papillae; almost entirely naked except for patch above end of lower jaw and at end of preopercle; nasal fossa scaled over entire ventral surfaces. Spinules on body scales strong, bladelike, with broad buttresses; arranged in 4 or 5 divergent rows. First dorsal fin uniformly dark; other fins dark to dusky; mouth dark. |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 2 - 2 |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 17 - 19 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position thoracic beneath origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |