| Main Ref. | Larson, H.K., 2009 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Distinguished by the following characteristics: relatively large size; second dorsal rays I,6-8; pectoral rays 15-18; segmented caudal rays 15-17 (modally 16); longitudinal scales 25-34; TRB 8-12; predorsal scales 10-19; shoulder girdle with smooth low ridge or flange, rarely with fleshy lobes; mouth terminal, large, greatly enlarged in mature males (maxillary sometimes extending past rear edge of preoperculum); each scale on side of body with short dusky bar; two distinct brown stripes extending back from rear of eye and two from eye to snout tip; dark fins, dorsal fins distinctly spotted with brown (Ref. 80545). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 6 - 7 |
| Soft-rays total | 6 - 8 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 1 - 1 |
| Soft-rays total | 5 - 8 |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 15 - 18 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |