| Main Ref. | Larson, H.K. and D.J. Buckle, 2012 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks | Males are more slender, have longer median fins, and usually shorter heads than females (Ref. 41653). |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | oval |
| Dorsal head profile | clearly convex |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | sub-terminal/inferior |
| Type of scales | cycloid and ctenoid scales |
| Diagnosis |
Distinguished by the following characteristics: small Gnatholepis (up to 35.4 mm SL) lacking scales on side of cheek, opercle and predorsal midline, few cycloid scales present on pectoral fin base and on breast; no distinct flap on end of lower lip (low fold may be present); no distinct canine or enlarged teeth; second dorsal fin rays I,11; anal fin rays I,11-12 (usually I,12); pectoral rays 15-19 (usually 17); lateral scales 26-28, ctenoid; predorsal scales absent from nape midline, scales on side of head reaching to nearly behind eyes; body pale with dusky speckling and mid-lateral row of six dusky blotches and horizontal row of darker spots and short streaks, an irregular cross-shaped dark mark on cheek extending down from eye, pupil-sized brown spot just above mid-point of caudal fin base, males with small black spot on rear part of first dorsal fin (Ref. 92171). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 3 - 3 |
| on upper limb | 1 - 1 |
| total | 4 - 4 |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 7 - 7 |
| Soft-rays total | 11 - 11 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes | more or less truncate; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 1 - 1 |
| Soft-rays total | 11 - 12 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 15 - 19 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes joint, cup-like |
| Position thoracic before origin of D1 | |
| Spines 1 | |
| Soft-rays 5 - 5 |