| Main Ref. | Ho, H.-C., 2013 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | other (see remarks) |
| Cross section | flattened |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
This species is distinguished by the following set of characters: body covered with blunt, smooth bucklers and numerous prickles; rostrum moderately long (mean 7.7% SL) and stout, with a broad base, directed forward horizontally; top of head with three irregular rows of bucklers; ventral surface of disk densely covered by prickles and scattered small bucklers, some slightly larger bucklers on breast; blunt subopercular buckler, without enlarged spines; small orbit (mean 12.4% SL); broad interorbital space (mean 8.5% SL), forming a deep groove; OD/RL = 1.3-2.2; OD/IO = 1.3-1.7; when fully depressed, the anal fin reaches or nearly to the caudal-fin base (Ref. 94126). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |