| Main Ref. | Gosse, J.P., E.J. Coenen and G.G. Teugels, 2003 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | no special organs |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | none |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | more or less straight |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | sub-terminal/inferior |
| Type of scales | ctenoid scales |
| Diagnosis |
Diagnosis: body very elongate; head length 3.9-4.4x SL; scale formula 4.5-5.5/49-54/-; 7-8 scales between anus and anal-fin base; 14-16 scales around caudal peduncle; 10-12.5 scales between posterior end of adipose and caudal fin base; pectoral fins usually extend beyond pelvic-fin bases; dorsal-fin origin behind level of pelvic-fin insertions; 9-10 anal fin branched rays; 13-14 dorsal fin branched rays; 13-16 pectoral fin branched rays; 9-10 pelvic fin branched rays; fins, including adipose fin, colourless, but often dark spot at base of each caudal-fin lobe and small spot in antero-dorsal region of dorsal fin; 7-11 cross-bars present on back; 4-7 separate spots along lateral line (Ref. 2936, 86396). Description: snout rounded; body elongate and rather low; eyes in dorso-lateral position; interorbital space narrow (11.4-16.1% head length); head length 22.8-25.9% SL; 8 or 9 bicuspid teeth in upper jaw; population in Niger Delta with reduced number of scales on lateral line (45-47) (Ref. 2936, 86396). Coloration: longitudinal series of small spots often visible below lateral line in large specimens (Ref. 2936, 86396). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | 1 Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | 49 - 54 |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | 4 - 6 |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | 14 - 16 |
| Barbels | 0 |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 8 - 10 |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | no striking attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin | present |
| Attributes | forked; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position abdominal before origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |