| Main Ref. | Iwamoto, T. and N.R. Merrett, 1997 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Height first dorsal about equal to head length. Underside of head mostly scaled, but broad naked swath below snout; open pores of sensory system on lower jaws and ventral margin of suborbital region fairly prominent. Body scales densely covered with lanceolate spinules in somewhat convergent rows; 7.5-8.5 rows below second dorsal origin; 37-40 lateral-line scales over distance equal to predorsal length. Teeth in broad tapered bands in both jaws, outer premaxillary series noticeably enlarged. Trunk encircled by a broad darkish band, abdomen darker. First dorsal fin blackish. Anterior dermal window of light organ between insertions of pelvic fins. Barbel 2.0 or more into orbit diameter; preoral length 25-28% HL; orb.-preop. 38-40% HL. |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 9 - 10 |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 22 - 22 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position thoracic beneath origin of D1 | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 11 - 12 |