| Main Ref. | Castellanos-Mejía, M.C., A. Londoño-Burbano, L.E. Ochoa, C.A. García-Alzate and C. DoNascimiento, 2024 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks | Adult males with hypertrophied odontodes on sides of head and on dorsum of pectoral fin, which is absent in females of similar size. |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | |
| Cross section | compressed |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
This species is distinguished from all trans-Andean and Central American congeners by the following characters: absence of mid-dorsal plate series; with four or five rows of median abdominal plates; four plates along sides of dorsal-fin base, lateral margins of snout straight, and breeding males with hypertrophied odontodes on sides of head and dorsum of pectoral fin; absence of a paired deep depression between the nostrils and the interorbital region and postorbital notch small and shallow; slender post-pectoral naked area (Ref. 132590). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 7 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 5 - 5 |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 6 - 6 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 5 - 5 |