| Main Ref. | Kottelat, M., 1998 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral (shape guide) | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Distinguishable by its shallower body (depth 2.1-2.4 times in SL) with relatively narrow vertical bars; bar 1 usually not continued onto thorax or across ventral surface of the body; bar 2 originating at base of 5th-6th dorsal spine; usually 11 branched anal fin rays (Ref. 27732). First dorsal fin with 8 rays; small genitalia not extending backwards to base of first anal fin ray (Ref. 43281); presence of connection between oculoscapular and preopercular canals; short and stout gill rakers on lower half outer surface of first gill arch with small spines; presence of furrow on all mid-lateral line scales; complete cephalic sensory canals; sensory papillae on chin forming transverse pattern, separate right and left lines; transverse pattern formed by sensory papillae on tip of snout; right and left gill membrane united at vertical from a point of near posterior edge of eye; wide gill opening, extending to a vertical from anterior margin of pupil; width of interorbital narrower than eye diameter; ctenoid predorsal scales, extending forward to posterior part of interorbital space; 5th pelvic ray branched; presence of distal radial of first-dorsal fin element; presence of suborbital bone; three epurals; presence of large extrascapula; absence of prevomerine teeth; absence of ventral transverse shelf on posterior half of urohyal; gill rakers separated bon inner part of 4th ceratobranchial; presence of anterior projection on anterior tip of metapterygoid; absence of overlap with lower part of ectopterygoid and quadrate (Ref. 92840). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| Spines total | 9 - 9 |
| Soft-rays total | 9 - 9 |
| Adipose fin | absent |
| Attributes | more or less truncate; more or less normal |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | 1 - 1 |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 18 - 18 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 6 - 6 |