Teleostei (teleosts) >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Samuel Hubbard Scudder (1837–1911) was an American entomologist and palaeontologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Gill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 3 - 40 m (Ref. 5227), usually 3 - 12 m (Ref. 5227). Tropical; 27°N - 2°S
Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Ecuador, including the Galapagos Islands.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9114); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9114)
Body oblong, compressed, and deep (depth contained 2.3 to 2.7 times in standard length); mouth large and terminal, its posterior end located at the same level as the anterior edge of the pupil; first gill arch with 15 to 22 gill rakers; dorsal fin notched, with 11 to 12 spines and 14 to 17 soft rays (XI-XII, 14-17); second anal spine slightly longer and stronger than third; scale series above lateral line oblique; body silvery gray; each scale bearing a dark spot;; the spots appearing to form lines following the scale series; fins charcoal gray (Ref.. 55763).
Forms schools above rocky, boulder strewn reefs, slopes, and hard substrate with good water movement (Ref. 5227).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
McKay, R.J. and M. Schneider, 1995. Haemulidae. Burros, corocoros, chulas, gallinazos, roncos. p. 1136-1173. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9114)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
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Bayesian length-weight
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a=0.01514 (0.00663 - 0.03457), b=3.02 (2.84 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
Trophic level (Ref. 69278) |
4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items. |
Resilience (Ref. 120179) |
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100). 🛈 |
Price category (Ref. 80766) |
Medium.
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Nutrients (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 38.3 [16.0, 79.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.603 [0.289, 1.123] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.0, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.11 [0.05, 0.21] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [15.0, 56.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 102 [32, 321] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.843 [0.533, 1.319] mg/100g (wet weight); |