Genyonemus lineatus, White croaker : fisheries, gamefish

Genyonemus lineatus (Ayres, 1855)

White croaker
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Genyonemus lineatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Genyonemus lineatus (White croaker)
Genyonemus lineatus
Picture by Gotshall, D.W.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Genyonemus: Greek, geny, -yos = face, jaw + Greek, nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; benthopelagic; depth range ? - 183 m (Ref. 2850), usually ? - 30 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 49°N - 24°N, 129°W - 111°W

Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Canada (Barkley Sound in British Columbia) to Mexico (southern Baja California; rare north of California, USA.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 14.0, range 13 - 15 cm
Max length : 41.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); max. reported age: 15 years (Ref. 56049)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 13 - 16; Dorsal soft rays (total): 21 - 24; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 11 - 12; Vertebrae: 25. Pelvic fins with fleshy appendage at base, first ray with free thread-like tip.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found over sandy bottoms (Ref. 9118). Feed on polychaetes, small shrimps, crabs and mollusks (Ref. 9118). Oviparous, multiple pelagic spawner (Ref. 51256).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

A multiple spawner (Ref. 51256).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 October 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Distribution
Territories
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
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Taxonomy
Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
Morphometrics
Pictures
References
References

Tools

Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Catch-MSY |

Special reports

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index
(Ref. 82804) 		PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01047 (0.00577 - 0.01900), b=3.09 (2.94 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level
(Ref. 69278) 		3.4   ±0.49 se; based on food items.
Resilience
(Ref. 120179) 		Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tm=1; tmax = 15; Min batch fecundity = 800).
Fishing Vulnerability
(Ref. 59153) 		Low vulnerability (23 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability
(Ref. 125649) 		Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). 🛈
Price category
(Ref. 80766) 		Low.
Nutrients
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 69.8 [38.0, 140.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.96 [0.47, 1.73] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.359 [0.193, 0.603] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [20.4, 77.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.9 [3.9, 48.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.82 [0.58, 1.21] mg/100g (wet weight);