Microstomus pacificus (Lockington, 1879)
Dover sole
Add your observation in Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
|
| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Microstomus pacificus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Upload your photos and videos
Pictures | Google image
Microstomus pacificus
Picture by Gotshall, D.W.
Pictures | Google image
Picture by Gotshall, D.W.
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Microstominae
Etymology: Microstomus: Greek, mikros = small + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Microstomus: Greek, mikros = small + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 10 - 1370 m (Ref. 50610). Temperate; 65°N - 31°N, 178°E - 117°W
Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Eastern Pacific: Navarin Canyon in the Bering Sea to Stalemate Bank in the Aleutian Islands and San Cristobal Bay, Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 38.5, range 38 - 40 cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); common length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 56527); max. published weight: 3.5 kg (Ref. 56527); max. reported age: 56 years (Ref. 74500)
Max length : 76.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); common length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 56527); max. published weight: 3.5 kg (Ref. 56527); max. reported age: 56 years (Ref. 74500)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 90 - 116; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 80 - 96; Vertebrae: 50 - 54. Dorsal origin above middle of upper eye. Caudal imperfectly rounded.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Adults occur on mud bottom (Ref. 2850). They move into deep water in winter (Ref. 2850). Produce large amounts of slime which may cover other fishes when caught in trawls (Ref. 4925). Marketed as mink food (Ref. 4925) or as fillet (Ref. 2850).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 13 August 2020
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
More information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map |
Catch-MSY |
Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | RFE Identification | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
|
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00661 (0.00374 - 0.01167), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
|
Trophic level (Ref. 69278) |
3.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies. |
|
Resilience (Ref. 120179) |
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tm=5; tmax=56; K=0.26; Fec=37,000). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.29, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.44, Based on 2 full stock assessments. |
|
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153) |
High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649) |
Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Price category (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |
|
Nutrients (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 14.7 [8.7, 29.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.211 [0.121, 0.389] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [14.7, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.337 [0.163, 0.715] g/100g; Selenium = 27.8 [13.8, 59.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.77 [1.73, 33.10] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.373 [0.269, 0.554] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |