Parapercis colias (Forster, 1801)
New Zealand blue cod
Add your observation in Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
|
| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Parapercis colias AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Perciformes/Uranoscopoidei (Sand dwellers) > Pinguipedidae (Sandperches)
Etymology: Parapercis: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forster.
Etymology: Parapercis: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forster.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 52 - 150 m (Ref. 9072). Temperate; 34°S - 52°S, 163°E - 175°W
Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Southwest Pacific: restricted to New Zealand.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 14.5, range 10 - 19 cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3243); common length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9258); max. published weight: 2.5 kg (Ref. 3243); max. reported age: 17 years (Ref. 9072)
Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3243); common length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9258); max. published weight: 2.5 kg (Ref. 3243); max. reported age: 17 years (Ref. 9072)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Inhabits rocky areas to a depth of 150 m (Ref. 9258). Carnivore which feeds mainly on small fish and crabs. Feeds by stalking its prey and swallowing it whole. Adults are home-ranging (Ref. 26966). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 58489.
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Ho, Hsuan-Ching | Collaborators
Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
More information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
|
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00851 (0.00687 - 0.01054), b=3.13 (3.08 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245). |
|
Trophic level (Ref. 69278) |
3.9 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies. |
|
Resilience (Ref. 120179) |
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.66; tm=2; tmax=17). |
| Rate of population increase | Prior r = 0.44, 95% CL = 0.29 - 0.66, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments. |
|
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153) |
Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649) |
High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Price category (Ref. 80766) |
High. |
|
Nutrients (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 42.3 [24.7, 74.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.337 [0.198, 0.564] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.7, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.429 [0.241, 0.719] g/100g; Selenium = 15.6 [8.1, 29.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.3 [3.9, 43.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.512 [0.376, 0.715] mg/100g (wet weight); |