Osteomugil cunnesius, Longarm mullet : fisheries, bait

Osteomugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836)

Longarm mullet
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Osteomugil cunnesius   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Osteomugil cunnesius (Longarm mullet)
Osteomugil cunnesius
Picture by Hasan, M.E.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Mugiliformes (Mullets) > Mugilidae (Mullets)
More on author: Valenciennes.

Taxonomic Remarks
Mugil amarulus Valenciennes, 1936, Mugil kelaartii Günther, 1861, and Mugil longimanus Günther, 1861 are synonyms of Moolgarda perusii (Valenciennes, 1836) according to Eschmeyer (CofF ver Jan. 2013: Ref. 92887).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; catadromous (Ref. 26213); depth range 0 - 3 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical

Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific (Ref. 4393), including African east coast river estuaries as far south as Algoa Bay, South Africa (Ref. 52193). Recorded as far inland as Zimbabwe on the Save River (Ref. 52193).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 15.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 52193); common length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 30573)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 4 - 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 10; Anal spines: 2 - 3; Anal soft rays: 9.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: circular.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Occur in shallow coastal waters, including estuaries and backwaters, frequently enters freshwater. Form larger aggregations during spawning which takes place at sea. Young individuals enter tidal rivers. Feed on organic matter contained in sand and mud (Ref. 30573). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Marketed fresh and salted. Decays rapidly, but well liked when fresh.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Harrison, Ian | Collaborators

Thomson, J.M., 1984. Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 3. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2830)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

Not Evaluated 

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; bait: usually
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Distribution
Territories
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
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Taxonomy
Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
Morphometrics
Pictures
References
References

Tools

E-book | Field guide | Identification keys | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Catch-MSY |

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | National databases | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index
(Ref. 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01148 (0.00998 - 0.01321), b=2.95 (2.91 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level
(Ref. 69278) 		2.4   ±0.21 se; based on food items.
Resilience
(Ref. 120179) 		Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.3-0.7;).
Fishing Vulnerability
(Ref. 59153) 		Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100). 🛈
Price category
(Ref. 80766) 		Medium.
Nutrients
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 217 [97, 488] mg/100g; Iron = 1.38 [0.63, 2.91] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.7, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.253 [0.124, 0.558] g/100g; Selenium = 33.3 [15.6, 75.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.9 [4.5, 50.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.87 [1.25, 2.78] mg/100g (wet weight);