Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch, 1790)
Highfin grouper
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Epinephelus maculatus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Pacific Ocean: Cocos-Keeling Islands to Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to southeastern Australia and Lord Howe Island (Ref. 37816).
太平洋: 可可群岛-基灵群岛到萨摩亚, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲东南部与罗得豪岛.(参考文献 37816)
太平洋: 可可群岛-基灵群岛到萨摩亚, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲东南部与罗得豪岛.(参考文献 37816)
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 15 - 17; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Brown spots evenly distributed and packed into hexagonal shapes only on adults which are generally larger (>25 to 45 cm); front portion of spinous dorsal fin about 50% taller than on other species at all sizes (Ref. 37816); small juveniles black with white blotches, becoming more spotted with age (Ref. 48635); further characterized by having ctenoid scales on body; auxiliary scales on body; greatest depth of body 2.7-3.1 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins 1.7-2.0 in head length (Ref. 90102); head length 2.4-2.6 times in SL; flat to slightly convex interorbital area, convex dorsal head profile; preopercle with shallow indentation just above the enlarged serrae at angle; straight or slightly convex upper edge of operculum, posterior and anterior nostrils subequal; maxilla reaches to or past vertical at rear edge of eye, ventral edge with blunt hook-like process distally in fish larger than 35 cm SL; 2 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 89707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
褐色的斑点均匀地只有在成鱼身上分布了而且挤入了六角形的形状那是通常比较大的;(>25 对 45 cm) 关于 50% 的刺状背鳍的前部高的超过在其他的种上大小不一.(参考文献 37816) 小的稚鱼黑色的有白色的斑块, 变成更多斑点的随着年龄。 (参考文献 48635)
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
褐色的斑点均匀地只有在成鱼身上分布了而且挤入了六角形的形状那是通常比较大的;(>25 对 45 cm) 关于 50% 的刺状背鳍的前部高的超过在其他的种上大小不一.(参考文献 37816) 小的稚鱼黑色的有白色的斑块, 变成更多斑点的随着年龄。 (参考文献 48635)
Juveniles are found in shallow coral rubble, adults in isolated coral heads of lagoon and seaward reefs to depths of 82 m. Feeds mainly on sand-dwelling fishes and crustaceans, sometimes on octopuses. In the Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). May be ciguatoxic in certain areas (Ref. 37816). Solitary, often seen on open sand and base of reefs (Ref 90102).
稚鱼被发现于水浅的珊瑚残砾,成鱼在隔离了泻湖与临海礁石到深度 82 公尺的珊瑚顶部。 主要吃栖息于砂中的鱼与甲壳动物, 有时吃章鱼。 在香港活鱼贩售。 (参考文献 27253) 在特定的区域中的可能具有热带海鱼毒.(参考文献 37816)
稚鱼被发现于水浅的珊瑚残砾,成鱼在隔离了泻湖与临海礁石到深度 82 公尺的珊瑚顶部。 主要吃栖息于砂中的鱼与甲壳动物, 有时吃章鱼。 在香港活鱼贩售。 (参考文献 27253) 在特定的区域中的可能具有热带海鱼毒.(参考文献 37816)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
太平洋: 可可群岛-基灵群岛到萨摩亚, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲东南部与罗得豪岛.(参考文献 37816)
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
有雪卡鱼毒中毒的报导
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋
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基于模型的估算
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系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.01096 (0.00730 - 0.01647), b=3.02 (2.90 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
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营养阶层 (参考文献 69278) |
4.0 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies. |
| Generation time | 3.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. |
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回复力 (参考文献 120179) |
中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.28). |
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渔业脆弱性 (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). 🛈 |
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价格分类 (Ref. 80766) |
Very high. |
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营养素 (Ref. 124155) |
Calcium = 30.4 [15.3, 63.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.616 [0.310, 1.274] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.0, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.13 [0.08, 0.21] g/100g; Selenium = 42.7 [22.8, 86.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 186 [49, 696] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.72, 1.57] mg/100g (wet weight); |