Epinephelus chlorostigma, Brownspotted grouper : fisheries

Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828)

Brownspotted grouper
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Epinephelus chlorostigma   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Epinephelus chlorostigma (Brownspotted grouper)
Epinephelus chlorostigma
foto/gambar oleh Field, R.

klasifikasi / Nama Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Taxonomic Remarks
Common names may have to be split accordingly to former synonym japonicus and new species insularis), following distribution (Ref. 123820).

Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi Ekologi

laut berasosiasi dengan karang; nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 4 - 300 m (Ref. 11888). Tropical; 37°N - 34°S, 28°E - 169°W (Ref. 5222)

Penyebaran Wilayah | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ekosistem | Kemunculan | peta titik | Introduksi | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: restricted.

Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur

Kematangan: Lm 27.0, range 23 - 31 cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 89707); common length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5450); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 7.0 kg (Ref. 4787); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 29 Tahun (Ref. 42001)

deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 11; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 16 - 18; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 8. Live color whitish, with small dark brown spots on head, body, and fins except ventrally on head, thorax, and lower abdomen. Can assume a transient color phase of 3-4 rows of very large round dark spots on top of the small-spot pattern. 96-125 scales in longitudinal series. Pyloric caeca 26-52 (Ref. 04787); characterized further by having ctenoid body scales, except cycloid scales on nape, thorax, parts of ventral abdomen; body with auxiliary scales; greatest depth of body 2.8-3.3 in SL; truncate to slightly emarginate caudal fin; pelvic fins 1.7-2.4 in head length (Ref. 90102); interorbital slightly convex; preopercle angle rounded, 4-7 enlarged serrae at angle below a slight notch; upper edge of operculum straight; posterior nostril not noticeably larger than anterior nostril; maxilla reaches about to vertical at rear edge of eye; scaly maxilla, low step on posterior part of ventral edge; 2-4 rows of teeth in midlateral part of lower jaw, inner ones about twice the size of outer teeth (Ref. 089707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

Biologi     Daftar kata (contoh epibenthic)

Found over a wide range of habitats like seagrass beds and outer reef slopes (Ref. 5213), also on mud bottoms. Solitary (Ref. 90102). Feed on small fishes and crustaceans (mainly stomatopods and crabs). Sexual transition from female to male occurs between 35-45 cm, but not all females change sex. Mature individuals form spawning aggregations (Ref. 55367). E. chlorostigma is closely related and very similar to E. polylepis and E. gabriellae which seem to replace it in the northwestern Indian Ocean. Solitary (Ref. 90102).

Siklus hidup dan perilaku kawin Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fekunditas | Larva

Sex change occurs at length of 46.4 cm TL and 3 years of age (Ref. 55367). Also Ref. 6976.

rujukan utama Unggah referensi Anda | Acuan | Koordinator | mitra

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  kurang bimbang (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 July 2023

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

  Harmless





penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: komersial
FAO - Perikanan: landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | Laut di Sekitar Kita

informasi lanjut

Ekologi trofik
Item makanan (mangsa)
Komposisi makanan
Konsumsi makanan
Ransum makanan
Pemangsa
Ekologi
Ekologi
Dinamika populasi
Parameter pertumbuhan
Maks. usia / ukuran
Panjang-berat rel.
Panjang-panjang rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Konversi massa
pemulihan
Kelimpahan
Siklus hidup
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Kedewasaan / insang rel.
Fekunditas
Pemijahan
Agregasi pemijahan
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Larva
Dinamika larva
Penyebaran
Wilayah
Daerah-daerah FAO
Ekosistem
Kemunculan
Introduksi
BRUVS - Video
Anatomi
Area insang
Otak
Otolith
Fisiologi
Komposisi tubuh
Nutrisi
Konsumsi oksigen
Jenis renang
Kecepatan berenang
Pigmen visual
Suara ikan
Penyakit & Parasit
Toksisitas (LC50)
Genetika
genom
Genetika
Heterozigositas
Diturunkan
Keanekaragaman Genetik
Yang berhubungan dengan manusia
Sistem akuakultur
profil budidaya air
Strain
Kasus Ciguatera
Perangko, koin, dll.
Penjangkauan
mitra
Taksonomi
Nama-nama umum
Sinonim (persamaan)
Morfologi
Morfometrik
Gambar
Acuan
Acuan

Alat, peralatan

Kuis organik | E-book | Penuntun lapangan | Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | tanda freqkuenci panjang | peringkat sejarah hidup | peta titik | Tangkap-MSY |

laporan khas

semak penyelenggaraan akuarium | semak helaian fakta spesis | semak helaian fakta aqulcalture

muat turun XML

ringkasan halaman | Data titik | Nama-nama umum | fotos/gambar

Sumber internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | semak peneliti ikan | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Marga, Jenis | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Perikanan: landings search; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Pangkalan data nasional | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: pergi, Cari | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Catatan Zoologi

Estimasi berdasarkan model

Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik
(Acuan 82804) 		PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight a=0.01096 (0.00959 - 0.01253), b=3.04 (3.02 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Tingkat Trofik
(Acuan 69278) 		4.0   ±0.67 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting
(Acuan 120179) 		Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (K=0.17-0.19; tmax=29; tm=2-3; Fec = 1,014,818).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan
(Ref. 59153) 		Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100). 🛈
Kerentanan Iklim
(Ref. 125649) 		High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100). 🛈
kategori harga
(Ref. 80766) 		Very high.
Nutrisi
(Ref. 124155) 		Calcium = 19.5 [9.1, 41.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.438 [0.234, 0.879] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.0, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.136 [0.084, 0.221] g/100g; Selenium = 53.6 [30.9, 95.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 139 [40, 484] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.75, 1.49] mg/100g (wet weight);