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drawing shows typical species in Bythitidae.
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drawing shows typical species in Bythitidae.
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) > Bythitidae (Livebearing brotulas)
Etymology: Hephthocara: Greek, epth, seven times + Greek, kara = face (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Alcock.
Etymology: Hephthocara: Greek, epth, seven times + Greek, kara = face (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Alcock.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; bathydemersal; depth range 1110 - 1650 m (Ref. 34024). Deep-water
Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Eastern Indian Ocean: Bay of Bengal. Hephthocara crassiceps and Hephthocara simum may prove to be conspecific.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 126025); max. published weight: 40.70 g (Ref. 126025)
Max length : 21.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 126025); max. published weight: 40.70 g (Ref. 126025)
Rare species (Ref. 34024).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 34024)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
More information
Trophic ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
|
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00457 (0.00198 - 0.01053), b=2.93 (2.73 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245). |
|
Trophic level (Ref. 69278) |
3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
|
Resilience (Ref. 120179) |
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
|
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153) |
Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100). 🛈 |