Gymnothorax afer Bloch, 1795
Dark moray
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Gymnothorax afer
Female Picture by Freitas, R.
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Female Picture by Freitas, R.
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Brackish; demersal; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 10 - 100 m (Ref. 137990). Tropical; 20°N - 18°S
Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Cape Frio, Namibia.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4450); common length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 26999)
Max length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4450); common length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 26999)
Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Body shape (shape guide): eel-like.
Inhabits rocky bottoms (Ref. 2683).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Smith, D.G. and E.B. Böhlke, 1990. Muraenidae. p. 136-148. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4450)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 August 2011
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
More information
Trophic ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Spawning
Spawning aggregations
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Anatomy
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Gill area
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Genome
Genetics
Heterozygosity
Heritability
Genetic Diversity
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
|
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804) |
PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. |
| Bayesian length-weight | a=0.00047 (0.00025 - 0.00088), b=3.28 (3.12 - 3.44), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245). |
|
Trophic level (Ref. 69278) |
4.1 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives |
|
Resilience (Ref. 120179) |
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). |
|
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153) |
High vulnerability (59 of 100). 🛈 |
|
Price category (Ref. 80766) |
Medium. |