FB-10803 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=10803 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae Fontitrygon Fontitrygon garouaensis (Stauch & Blanc, 1962) Niger stingray Ray Smooth freshwater stingray Nigeri astelrai Kounama rwa Kunaman ruwa Alate Cover pot Gladde zoetwaterpijlstaartrog Niare diam Oduberi 加魯阿魟 加鲁阿魟 Dasyatis garaouaensis (Stauch & Blanc, 1962) Dasyatis garouaensis (Stauch & Blanc, 1962) Dasyatis sp. Not applicable Potamotrygon garouaensis Stauch & Blanc, 1962 1994-06-15 2024-04-18 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Daget, J. and A. Stauch0 Poissons de la partie camerounaise du bassin de la Bénoué. Mém. I.F.A.N. 68:85-107. (Ref. 3013) Compagno, L.J.V. and T.R. Roberts0 Dasyatidae. p. 4-5. In J. Daget, J.P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3497) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Séret, B.0 Dasyatidae. p. 62-75. In C. Levêque, D. Paugy, and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest Tome 1. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, France, 384 p. (Ref. 7397) Paugy, D., K. Traoré and P.S. Diouf0 Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest. p.35-66. In G.G. Teugels, J.F. Guégan and J.J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 275:177 p. (Ref. 13331) Compagno, L.J.V. and T.R. Roberts0 Marine and freshwater stingrays (Dasyatidae) of West Africa, with description of a new species. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 43(18):283-300. (Ref. 26277) Lévêque, C., D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels0 Annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of the Nilo-sudan river basins, in Africa. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 24(2):131-154. (Ref. 28663) Olaosebikan, B.D. and A. Raji0 Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 106 p. (Ref. 31256) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766) Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM). (Ref. 36508) Taniuchi, T.0 Occurrence of two species of stingrays of the genus <i>Dasyatis</i> (Chondrichthyes) in the Sanaga basin, Cameroun. Environ. Biol. Fishes 31(1):95-100. (Ref. 38974) Stauch, A.0 Le bassin camerounais de la Bénoué et sa pêche. Mém. O.R.S.T.O.M. 15:152 p. (Ref. 39826) Stauch, A. and M. Blanc0 Description d'un sélacien rajiforme des eaux douces du Nord-Cameroun: <i>Potamotrygon garouaensis n. sp.</i>. Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., 2e série, 34(2):166-171. (Ref. 39828) Thorson, T.B. and D.E. Watson0 Reassignment of the African freshwater stingray, <i>Potamotrygon garouaensis</i>, to the genus <i>Dasyatis</i>, on physiologic and morphologic grounds. Copeia 1975(4):701-712. (Ref. 39829) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454) Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449) Vivien, J.0 Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et poissons. GICAM et Ministère de la Coopération et du Développement, Yaoundé/Paris. 271 p. (Ref. 51193) Mdaihli, M., T. du Feu and J.S.O. Ayeni0 Fisheries in the southern border zone of Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon. p. 141-154. In J.A. Comiskey and T.C.H. Sunderland (eds). Takamanda: the Biodiversity of an African forest. SI/MAB Ser. 8. 182 p. (Ref. 52397) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Séret, B.0 Dasyatidae. p. 81-96. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Collection Faune et Flore Tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81259) de Carvalho, M.R., B. Séret and J.D. McEachran0 Dasyatidae. p. 154-164. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81625) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Last, P.R., G.J.P Naylor and B.M. Manjaji-Matsumoto0 A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights. Zootaxa 4139(3):345-368. (Ref. 109651) Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717) FB-GeneralDescr-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-06-15 00:00:00 2024-04-18 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=10803 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Dasyatis garouaensis is restricted to fresh waters (Ref. 81625). Its conservation status is uncertain, given its restricted distribution in a region with known habitat degradation; this species has apparently become less common after the construction of a dam on the Benue River (Ref. 81625). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Compagno, L.J.V. and T.R. Roberts 1984 Dasyatidae. p. 4-5. In J. Daget, J.P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3497) FB-DiagnosticDescr-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2001-09-05 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=10803 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Diagnosis: A moderately large and thin-bodied freshwater dasyatid; disc flatter than in any other West African dasyatid, its depth only 8.7-11.0% of disc width vs. 11.0% or more in other species; denticles on dorsal surface of disc highly variable, sometimes absent, always restricted to central portion; pearl spine absent or represented by 2-3 low denticles (Ref. 26277). It is most similar to the small marine species Dasyatis margaritella and the larger marine species Dasyatis margarita, both of which have well-developed pearl spines and shorter snouts (Ref. 26277).Description: Disc oval, strongly flattened and broadly rounded at corners; tip of snout projecting as a small triangular process beyond anterior disc margin (Ref. 31256, 81259, 81625). Mouth slightly arched; upper jaw with 5-7 and lower jaw with 7-9 functional tooth series; a total of 32-40/37-45 rows of jaw teeth; teeth in males with a central cusp, blunt in females; a transverse row of five elongated fleshy mouth papillae (Ref. 26277, 81259, 81625). Nasal curtain posteriorly fringed, eyes and spiracles adjacent (Ref. 81625). Pelvic fins mostly concealed by disc in dorsal view (Ref. 81625). Tail long and thin, whip-like, with a denticulate sting at base, a short dorsal ridge behind the sting, and a ventral fold; tail base oval in cross-section with greatest width at base not as great as interorbital distance; caudal sting markedly lender (Ref. 81259, 81625). Skin armour variable: disc smooth in juveniles, the dermal denticles appearing with growth; the granulation remains restricted to the central disc area, sometimes including a nacreous tubercle, and usually a longitudinal row of 2-4 rounded or heart-shaped tubercles (Ref. 81259).Colouration: Back of disc and pelvic fins uniformly brownish- to greyish-beige or gray-brown above, without spots or prominent markings, although some specimens have diffuse dark marblings; white below and without dark margins; tail brownish, darker or blackish behind the sting, lighter below (Ref. 26277, 81259, 81625). Compagno, L.J.V. and T.R. Roberts 1984 Marine and freshwater stingrays (Dasyatidae) of West Africa, with description of a new species. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 43(18):283-300. (Ref. 26277) FB-Morphology-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2001-09-05 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=10803 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Vertebrae: 120 - 131 Compagno, L.J.V. and T.R. Roberts 1984 Marine and freshwater stingrays (Dasyatidae) of West Africa, with description of a new species. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 43(18):283-300. (Ref. 26277) FB-Distribution-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-06-15 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=10803 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Africa: Benue River in Cameroon and Nigeria, and Niger River downstream from its confluence with the Benue River (Ref. 3497, 81259). Also reported from Lagos Lagoon, Cross River and Sanaga River (Ref. 81259, 81625). Séret, B. 2003 Dasyatidae. p. 81-96. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Collection Faune et Flore Tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81259) FB-LifeCycle-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-06-15 00:00:00 2024-04-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=10803&StockCode=11126 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2014-12-01 18:22:16 2014-12-01 18:22:16 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public garouaensis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dasyatis garouaensis is restricted to fresh waters (Ref. 81625). de Carvalho, M.R., B. Séret and J.D. McEachran 2007 Dasyatidae. p. 154-164. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81625) FB-Size-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-06-15 00:00:00 2024-04-18 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=10803 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 40.0 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3497)) Compagno, L.J.V. and T.R. Roberts 1984 Dasyatidae. p. 4-5. In J. Daget, J.P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3497) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-10803 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-06-15 00:00:00 2024-04-18 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=10803 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology demersal; freshwater