FB-11234 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11234 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Pleuronectiformes Bothidae Laeops Laeops parviceps Günther, 1880 Almindelig chokoladegurami Malaiischer Gurami Schokoladengurami Chocolate gourami Harilik šokolaadguraami Kagu-Aasia šokolaad-ronikala Suklaarihmakala Shokoladnyi gurami Chokladgurami 鋸蓋足鱸 锯盖足鲈 Sphaerichthys osphromenoides osphromenoides Canestrini, 1860 Sphaerichthys osphronemoides Canestrini, 1860 1994-06-21 2022-05-05 Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Mohsin, A.K.M. and M.A. Ambak0 Freshwater fishes of Peninsular Malaysia. Penerbit Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Malaysia. 284 p. (Ref. 4835) Mills, D. and G. Vevers0 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020) Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo0 Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050) Vasil'ev, V.P.0 Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3):1-38. (Ref. 8973) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the University of British Columbia Fish Museum Fish Museum. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (Ref. 10937) McKay, R.J.0 Introductions of exotic fishes in Australia. p. 177-199. In Courtenay, W.R. Jr. and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. (Editors). Distribution, Biology and Management of Exotic fishes. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 12559) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas, Band 1. 10th edition. Mergus Verlag GmBH, Melle, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 13371) Calton, M.S. and T.E. Denton0 Chromosomes of the chocolate gourami: A cytogenetic anomaly. Science 185(4151):618-619. (Ref. 29544) Arkhipchuk, V.V.0 Chromosome database. Database of Dr. Victor Arkhipchuk. (Ref. 30184) Schliewen, U.K.0 Aquarium fish. Barron's Education Series, Incorporated. 159 p. (Ref. 30491) Rass, T.S.0 Fish. Vol. 4, Life of animals. V.E. Sokolov (ed.), Moscow: Prosveschenie. 575p. (Ref. 30503) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370) Koref-Santibanez, S. and H.-J. Paepke0 Karyotypes of the Trichogasterinae Liem (Teleostei, Anabantoidei). p. 55. In Abstr. VIII Congr. Soc. Europ. Ichthyol., Oviedo. (Ref. 34766) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Chung, D.S.L., P.K.L. Ng and D.H. Murphy0 Preliminary studies of the feeding ecology of blackwater Belontiidae of North Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia. p. 76-86. Proc. 4th Indo-Pacific Fish Con. Bangkok, Thailand. Systematics and Evolution of Indo-Pacific Fishes. Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetart University. (Ref. 42706) Bassleer, G.0 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng0 The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabantoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):115-138. (Ref. 56386) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of April 2006. Database dump. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in April 2006. (Ref. 56787) Vidthayanon, C.0 Peat swamp fishes of Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand, 136 p. (Ref. 57235) Parenti, L.R. and K.K.P. Lim0 Fishes of the Rajang basin, Sarawak, Malaysia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):175-208. (Ref. 57780) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi0 Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi. http://term.eki.ee/termbase/view/7351963/ (Ref. 105574) Müller, J., D. Zworykin, E. Pavlov and H. Grundmeijer0 The exception that isn't one? Sexual dimorphisn and male parental care in the chocolate gourami <i>Sphaerichthys osphromenoides</i> Canestrini, 1860. p. 56 In 21st FishBase/SeaLifeBase Symposium, 4th September 2023, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 129190) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-11235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1994-06-21 00:00:00 2023-09-14 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11235 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Restricted to peats (Ref. 57235). An air-breathing species (Ref. 118402). Male broods eggs in the mouth (Ref. 129190). Omnivorous. Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo 1993 Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050) FB-Distribution-11235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1994-06-21 00:00:00 2003-10-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11235 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Asia: Indonesia (Sumatra and Borneo) and Malaya. Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo 1993 Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050) FB-Uses-11235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1994-06-21 00:00:00 2023-09-14 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11235 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Mills, D. and G. Vevers 1989 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020) Mills, D. and G. Vevers 1989 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020) FB-LifeCycle-11235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tom Froese 1994-06-21 00:00:00 2023-09-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=11235&StockCode=11560 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses The female lays 20-40 eggs which the male incubates in its mouth for about 2 weeks (Ref. 1672, 129190). Müller, J., D. Zworykin, E. Pavlov and H. Grundmeijer 2023 The exception that isn't one? Sexual dimorphisn and male parental care in the chocolate gourami <i>Sphaerichthys osphromenoides</i> Canestrini, 1860. p. 56 In 21st FishBase/SeaLifeBase Symposium, 4th September 2023, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 129190) FB-Size-11235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1994-06-21 00:00:00 2023-09-14 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11235 6.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7050)) Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo 1993 Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-11235-733 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-10-28 00:00:00 2003-11-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=11235&StockCode=11560 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial diseases Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-11235-1160 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-12-16 00:00:00 2003-12-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=11235&StockCode=11560 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Internal Sporozoa Infection (general). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-11235-364 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-10-30 00:00:00 2003-10-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=11235&StockCode=11560 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Sporozoa Infection (Hennegya sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-11235-365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-10-30 00:00:00 2003-10-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=11235&StockCode=11560 Sporozoa-infection (Myxobolus sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-11235-729 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-10-28 00:00:00 2003-12-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=11235&StockCode=11560 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Tetrahymena Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Habitat-11235 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1994-06-21 00:00:00 2023-09-14 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11235 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 4.0 - 6.0; dH range: 0 - 4