FB-1139 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Haemulidae Haemulon Haemulon parra (Desmarest, 1823) Sapurana Sapurana-de-lista Sapuruna-preta Supuruna-de-listra Xirão Blacktail grunt Caesar grunt Comical grunt Cottonwick Cottonwick grunt French margate fish Grunt Gorette mèche Bocacolorá Bocayate Coroncoro Jeniguano Maporite Mapurite Ronco de lomo prieto Ronco lomo manchado Ronco mapurite Kanoltje Mameloochie Taktak Toktok 黑尾仿石鱸 黑尾仿石鲈 Haemulon melanura (Linnaeus, 1758) Perca melanura Linnaeus, 1758 1990-10-17 2024-08-12 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. 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Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1999-01-04 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1138 Inhabits clear inshore and offshore reefs (Ref. 9710) and adjacent grass beds, often in schools (Ref. 3798). Feeds on crustaceans (Ref. 3798). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-02-15 00:00:00 2012-12-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1138 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Broad black area above line from dorsal fin origin to tip of lower caudal fin lobe, including upper part of caudal peduncle and both lobes of tail. Striking colored species, with a silvery body, black back and tail (Ref. 26938). With narrow yellow stripes, the broadest mid-lateral (Ref. 13442). Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) FB-Morphology-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-02-15 00:00:00 2012-12-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1138 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 17; Analsoft rays: 8 Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) FB-Distribution-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2022-05-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1138 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Western Atlantic: Bermuda, southeastern Florida (USA), and the Bahamas to Brazil. Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Uses-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1999-01-04 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1138 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: public aquariums; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman 1978 Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3798) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-LifeCycle-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1999-01-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1138&StockCode=1154 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-09-17 00:00:00 2008-07-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public melanurum http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Inhabits clear inshore and offshore reefs (Ref. 9710) and adjacent grass beds, often in schools (Ref. 3798). Feeds on crustaceans (Ref. 3798). Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) FB-Size-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1999-01-04 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1138 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription 33.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)); max. published weight: 550 g (Ref. 5217) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez 1992 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1138 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1999-01-04 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1138 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution reef-associated; marine; depth range 3 - 50 m (Ref. 9626) Cervigón, F. 1993 Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)