FB-12223 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12223 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Gymnotiformes Hypopomidae Steatogenys Steatogenys elegans (Steindachner, 1880) Itui Ituí Lampreia preta Sarapó Sarapó-limpo Sarapú Tuvira Longtail knifefish Siimaveitsikala Poisson-couteau Anguila Bio del rio cuchilla Asapalipi Bloblo Booboo Kwaliminen Logo logo Molokichi Molokisi Poson-sab Pounoup Saprapi Carapus sanguinolentus Castelnau, 1855 Gymnotus macrurus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Hildatia brasiliensis Fernández-Yépez, 1968 Sternopygus marcgravii Reinhardt, 1852 Sternopygus obtusirostris (non Steindachner, 1881) 1994-08-10 2021-10-22 Mendes dos Santos, G.M.C., M. Jégu and B. de Merona0 Catálogo de peixes comerciais do baixo rio Tocantins. Projecto Tucurí. Manaus, ELETRONORTE/CNPQ/INPA 83p. (Ref. 400) Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien atlas. Bd. 3. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 1104 p. (Ref. 2059) Hinegardner, R. and D.E. Rosen0 Cellular DNA content and the evolution of teleostean fishes. Am. Nat. 106(951):621-644. (Ref. 2209) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Ortega, H. and R.P. Vari0 Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Peru. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (437):1-25. (Ref. 6329) Porto, J.I.R., E. Feldberg, C.M. Nakayama and J.N. Falcao0 A checklist of chromosome numbers and karyotypes of Amazonian freshwater fishes. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 25(4):287-299. 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Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Echevarria, G., N.C. Gonzalez and C.A. Lasso0 Reproductive biology of the fish communities in two flood lagoons of lower Orinoco, Venezuela. Mem. de la Fund. La Salle de Cienc. Nat. 71(175-176):25-50. (Ref. 127683) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-08-10 00:00:00 2013-11-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12224 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occurs in swamps, creeks, and river with lentic waters. Preys on small invertebrates, particularly the larvae of aquatic insects (Ref. 12225). Breeds before the start of the rainy season (Ref. 10645) or during the rainy season, with a fecundity count of 6473 eggs (Ref. 10643). Males persistently defend their territory and apparently make electric signals (by increased electric organ discharge (EOD) rates and interruptions thereof) to females passing by to draw in a spawning partner (Ref. 10605). Mature females' EODs are of higher frequencies than mature males (Ref. 10645). Plasma androgens modulate the EOD frequency during the breeding season (Ref. 10767). Embryos hatch on day 4; larvae begin to feed on day 11. The electric organ and electroreceptors are both present in the larva at the time of first exogenous feeding (Ref. 10605). Seems to reach sexual maturity at 1 year of age, based on breeding experiments (Ref. 10011). Ortega, H. and R.P. Vari 1986 Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Peru. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (437):1-25. (Ref. 6329) FB-Morphology-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 2005-01-03 00:00:00 2005-01-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12224 Analsoft rays: 195 - 300 Crampton, W.G.R., K.G. Hulen and J.S. Albert 2004 Redescription of <i>Sternopygus obtusirostris</i> (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Amazon basin, with description of osteology, ecology and electric organ discharges. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 15(2):121-134. (Ref. 52797) FB-Distribution-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-08-10 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12224 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Migration South America: Magdalena River basin; entire extent of the Amazon and Orinoco River basins below approximately 500 m elevation including Napo River of western Ecuador and Madre de Dios River of Peru; all drainages of the Guianas Shield; Atlantic drainages of northeastern Brazil (Tocantins, Parnaíba, Pindaré, Itapicuru, and Salgado rivers); São Francisco River basin; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Paraguay-Paraná River basin. Albert, J.S. 2003 Sternopygidae (Glass knifefishes,Rattail knifefishes). p. 487-491. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39524) FB-Uses-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-08-10 00:00:00 2013-11-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12224 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Gilbert, R.J. and T.R. Roberts 1972 A preliminary survey of the freshwater food fishes of Ecuador. International Center for Aquaculture Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama. Project A.I.D./csd-2780. 49 p. (Ref. 9585) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-LifeCycle-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-08-10 00:00:00 2013-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12224&StockCode=12550 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Eggs of 3 mm diameter are deposited among plants. Larvae hatch after 4 days and start feeding after 11 days. Kirschbaum, F. 1995 Vergleichende Daten zur Fortpflanzungsbiologie von drei Messerfisch-Arten (Gymnotiformes). p. 91-114. In H. Greven and R. Riehl (eds.) Fortpflanzungsbiologie der Aquarienfische. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. (Ref. 26497) FB-TrophicStrategy-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-10-14 00:00:00 2008-06-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public macrurus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Occurs in swamps, creeks, and river with lentic waters. Preys on small invertebrates, particularly the larvae of aquatic insects (Ref. 12225). Males persistently defend their territory and apparently make electric signals (by increased electric organ discharge (EOD) rates and interruptions thereof) to females passing by to draw in a spawning partner (Ref. 10605). Mature females' EODs are of higher frequencies than mature males (Ref. 10645). Boujard, T., M. Pascal, F.J. Meunier and P.-Y. Le Bail 1997 Poissons de Guyane. Guide écologique de l'Approuague et de la réserve des Nouragues. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, 219 p. (Ref. 27188) FB-Size-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-08-10 00:00:00 2013-11-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12224 141 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 39524)) Albert, J.S. 2003 Sternopygidae (Glass knifefishes,Rattail knifefishes). p. 487-491. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39524) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-12224-1631 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2006-01-24 00:00:00 2006-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=12224&StockCode=12550 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Cystidicoloides Infection 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Diseases-12224-1637 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2006-01-26 00:00:00 2006-01-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=12224&StockCode=12550 Spinitectus Infestation 9. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Habitat-12224 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-08-10 00:00:00 2013-11-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12224 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Migration benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 4 - 15