FB-1249 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1249 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Myliobatiformes Potamotrygonidae Styracura Styracura schmardae (Werner, 1904) Arraia Arraia branca Arraia-bico-de-remo Arraia-bicuda Arraia-branca Arraia-couro-de-lixa Arraia-lixa Jabebiretê Jabiretê Raia-lixa Raia-lixo Raia Raia-branca Langnæset pigrokke Longnose Stingray Longnose stingray Stingray Pikknina-astelrai Pastenague long nez Pastenague longnez Zarazara-ei Hocicona Raya Raya blanca Raya hocicona Raya látigo del Golfo Raya látigo hocicona Raya máxima Rayalatigo hocicona Rayalátigo hocicona Kerovay Langsnuitpijlstaartrog Oeproe spari Oeproe sparie Stekelrog 長吻魟 长吻魟 Dasyatis guttata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Dasyatis guttatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Raja guttata Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Raja tuberculata Lacepède, 1800 Trygon jabebara Müller & Henle, 1841 Trygon osteosticta Müller, 1835 1990-10-17 2020-02-27 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. 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(Ref. 132125) FB-GeneralDescr-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2017-05-31 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1248 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Demersal species on continental shelf to at least 35 m (but likely to be deeper); also found in brackish water, with young collected from tide pools (Ref. 114953). Mobile invertebrate feeders, feeds on benthic mobile invertebrates such as molluscs, crustaceans and worms associated with hard or nearby unconsolidated substrate (Ref. 103985); also on small fishes (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Marketed salted; also used in the preparation of gelatin and good quality oil. Between 1995 and 2000, at least 5 specimens have been traded as aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392). Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Arlene G. Sampang-Reyes 2001-02-12 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1248 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Disc rhomboid. Blunt and close-set tubercles that clothe the midzone of disc. Snout in front of eyes about 1.4 times as long as distance between outer margins of orbits. Upper surface brown, sometimes yellowish or olivaceous. Lower surface pure or yellowish white, ventral tail fold and dorsal keel black (Ref. 6902). Bigelow, H.B. and W.C. Schroeder 1953 Sawfishes, guitarfishes, skates and rays. p. 1-514. In J. Tee-Van et al. (eds.) Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part two. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ. (Ref. 6902) FB-Distribution-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1248 Western Atlantic: southern Gulf of Mexico and West Indies to Santos, Brazil. Stehmann, M., J.D. McEachran and R. Vergara R. 1978 Dasyatidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Vol. 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3168) FB-Uses-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2017-05-31 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1248 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: minor commercial; price category: low; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Cervigón, F. and W. Fischer 1979 INFOPESCA. Catálogo de especies marinas de interes economico actual o potencial para América Latina. Parte 1. Atlántico centro y suroccidental. FAO/UNDP, SIC/79/1. 372 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 6077) Monteiro-Neto, C., F.E.A. Cunha, M.C. Nottingham, M.E. Araújo, I.L. Rosa and G.M.L. Barros 2003 Analysis of the marine ornamental fish trade at Ceará State, northeast Brazil. Biodivers. Conserv. 12:1287-1295. (Ref. 49392) FB-LifeCycle-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2017-05-31 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1248&StockCode=1264 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2008-01-07 00:00:00 2008-01-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public guttatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Inhabits shallow waters. Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar 2004 Atlas pesquero del area norte del Mar Caribe de Colombia. Universidad del Magadalena, Santa Marta. 230 p. (Ref. 56479) FB-Size-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2017-05-31 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1248 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 200 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3168)) Stehmann, M., J.D. McEachran and R. Vergara R. 1978 Dasyatidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Vol. 1. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3168) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1248 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2017-05-31 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1248 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle demersal; marine; depth range 1 - 36 m (Ref. 13608) Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura and E. Fujii (eds.) 1983 Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. 519 p. (Ref. 13608)