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	<dc:identifier>FB-12919</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12919</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Scombriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Centrolophidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Seriolella</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Seriolella caerulea Guichenot, 1848</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>مختبئة ضخمة</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Stor stjernekigger</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Giant stargazer</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Monkfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Uranoscope géant</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mi'>Kourepoua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Miracielo gigante</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Sapo neozelandés</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>平头竖口鰧</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>平頭豎口鰧</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Kathetostoma laeve (non Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1995-03-24</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-02-20</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='0-477-01427-5(pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5755&amp;speccode=12920'>Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan0 New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=8984&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO0 FAO Yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 74: 1992. FAO Fish. Ser. 43:677 p. (Ref. 8984)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9049&amp;speccode=12920'>Vlieg, P.0 Proximate analysis of 10 commercial New Zealand fish species. N.Z. J. Sci. 27:99-104. (Ref. 9049)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9072&amp;speccode=12920'>Annala, J.H. (comp.)0 Report from the Fishery Assessment Plenary, May 1994: stock assessments and yield estimates. Unpublished report held in MAF Fisheries Greta Point library, Wellington. 242 p. (Ref. 9072)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9258&amp;speccode=12920'>Armitage, R.O., D.A. Payne, G.J. Lockley, H.M. Currie, R.L. Colban, B.G. Lamb and L.J. Paul (eds.)0 Guide book to New Zealand commercial fish species. Revised edition. New Zealand Fishing Industry Board, Wellington, New Zealand, 216 p. (Ref. 9258)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9988&amp;speccode=12920'>Frimodt, C.0 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27073&amp;speccode=12920'>Amaoka, K., K. Matsuura, T.. Inada, M. Takeda, H. Hatanaka0 Fishes collected by the R/V Shinkai Maru around New Zealand. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. 410 p. (Ref. 27073)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=12920'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=12920'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='84-931926-0-0.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=39531&amp;speccode=12920'>Crespo, J., J. Gajate and R. Ponce0 Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos. Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Madrid, Spain. 414 p. (Ref. 39531)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40919&amp;speccode=12920'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=12920'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45493&amp;speccode=12920'>Roberts, C.D.0 Fishes of the Chatham Islands, New Zealand: a trawl survey and summary of the ichthyofauna. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 25(1):1-19. (Ref. 45493)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47487&amp;speccode=12920'>Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung0 Verzeichnis der Handelsbezeichnungen für Erzeugnisse der Fischerei und der Aquakultur. Retrieved 17 June 2003, from http://www.ble.de. (Ref. 47487)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47619&amp;speccode=12920'>Sutton, C.P.0 Ageing methodology, growth parameters, and estimates of mortality for giant stargazer (&lt;i&gt;Kathetostoma giganteum&lt;/i&gt;) from the east and south coasts of the South Island. New Zealand Fish. Res. Doc. 99/15. 19 p. (Unpublished report held in NIWA library, Wellington). (Ref. 47619)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47620&amp;speccode=12920'>Sutton, C.P.0 Estimation of age, growth and mortality of giant stargazer (&lt;i&gt;Kathetostoma giganteum&lt;/i&gt;) from Southland trawl surveys between 1993 and 1996. 13p. (Unpublished report). (Ref. 47620)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51471&amp;speccode=12920'>Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=12920'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58461&amp;speccode=12920'>Beentjes, P., B. Bull, R.J. Hurst and N.W. Bagley0 Demersal fish assemblages along the continental shelf and upper slope of the east coast of the South Island, New Zealand. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 36:197-223. (Ref. 58461)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58489&amp;speccode=12920'>Stevenson, M.L.0 Trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-april 2003 (KAH0304). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2004/4. 69 p. (Ref. 58489)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=72381&amp;speccode=12920'>Paul, L.0 New Zealand fishes. Identification, natural history and fisheries. Reed Books, Auckland. (Ref. 72381)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75549&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86516&amp;speccode=12920'>Gomon, M.F. and C.D. Roberts0 A second New Zealand species of the stargazer genus &lt;i&gt;Kathetostoma&lt;/i&gt; (Trachinoidei: Uranoscopidae). Zootaxa 2776:1-12. (Ref. 86516)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87166&amp;speccode=12920'>Doonan, I.J., M. Dunn and A.C. Hart0 Abundance estimates of orange roughy on the Northeastern and Eastern Chatham Rise, July 2007: wide-area trawl survey and hill acoustic survery (TAN0709). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2009/20. 41 p. (Ref. 87166)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=89583&amp;speccode=12920'>Ministry of Fisheries0 MFish approved species codes - Table 1-4. http://www.fish.govt.nz/en-nz/International/High+Seas+Fishing/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes+01.htm?wbc_purpose=Basic%2526WBCMODE (Ref. 89583)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101194&amp;speccode=12920'>Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350.  In  Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=107945&amp;speccode=12920'>Cheung, W.L., R. Watson and D. Pauly0 Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature 497:365-368. (Ref. 107945)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114837&amp;speccode=12920'>Stevens, D.W., R.J. Hurst and N.W. Bagley0 Feeding habits of New Zealand fishes: a literature review and summary of research trawl database records 1960 to 2000. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No. 85. (Ref. 114837)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118272&amp;speccode=12920'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118628&amp;speccode=12920'>Palomares, M.L.D., R. Froese, B. Derrick, S.-L. Nöel, G. Tsui, J. Woroniak and D. Pauly0 A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=124174&amp;speccode=12920'>Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=12920'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2007-07-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Reported from depths between 30 m (Ref. 58489) and 600 m (Ref. 9258). Buries in sea bed until suitable prey passes by.  Utilized fresh and frozen; can be steamed, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9258&amp;speccode=12920'>Armitage, R.O., D.A. Payne, G.J. Lockley, H.M. Currie, R.L. Colban, B.G. Lamb and L.J. Paul (eds.) 1994 Guide book to New Zealand commercial fish species. Revised edition. New Zealand Fishing Industry Board, Wellington, New Zealand, 216 p. (Ref. 9258)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2011-06-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:description>This species is distinguished by the following characters:  D 17-19; A 17-18; vertebrae 33-34; body rather elongate, tapering from a moderately broad, flat, bony head (width 1.1-1.4 times its length) covered with tiny blunt spines in juveniles to low radiating ridges in adults; small eyes directed upwards; bony orbital rim separated medially by naked rectangular space; mouth large, vertical, with several prominent canines between smaller canines; chin smooth; lips with short ridge-like crenulations; ventral margin of preopercle with four spine-like processes; anterior end of isthmus with a pair of prominent forward directed spines; prominent cleithral spine sheathed with skin above pectoral fin base; gill rakers on first arch 14-17, in the form of patches of fine teeth, patches narrow, teeth in three or four rows, innermost row rather long; no scales; lateral line pores in skin high on side close to base of dorsal fin; dorsal fin low, elongate, its base 67-82% of predorsal length; pectoral fins huge, fan-like; pelvic fins moderately large, length 20-25% SL (Ref. 86516).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86516&amp;speccode=12920'>Gomon, M.F. and C.D. Roberts 2011 A second New Zealand species of the stargazer genus &lt;i&gt;Kathetostoma&lt;/i&gt; (Trachinoidei: Uranoscopidae). Zootaxa 2776:1-12. (Ref. 86516)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal soft rays (total): 17 - 19; Analsoft rays: 17 - 18; Vertebrae: 33 - 34</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86516&amp;speccode=12920'>Gomon, M.F. and C.D. Roberts 2011 A second New Zealand species of the stargazer genus &lt;i&gt;Kathetostoma&lt;/i&gt; (Trachinoidei: Uranoscopidae). Zootaxa 2776:1-12. (Ref. 86516)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12920</dc:source>
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	<dc:description>Southwest Pacific:  endemic to New Zealand.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27073&amp;speccode=12920'>Amaoka, K., K. Matsuura, T.. Inada, M. Takeda, H. Hatanaka 1990 Fishes collected by the R/V Shinkai Maru around New Zealand. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. 410 p. (Ref. 27073)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9049&amp;speccode=12920'>Vlieg, P. 1984 Proximate analysis of 10 commercial New Zealand fish species. N.Z. J. Sci. 27:99-104. (Ref. 9049)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>90.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9988)); max. reported age: 20 years (Ref. 9072)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9988&amp;speccode=12920'>Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9072&amp;speccode=12920'>Annala, J.H. (comp.) 1994 Report from the Fishery Assessment Plenary, May 1994: stock assessments and yield estimates. Unpublished report held in MAF Fisheries Greta Point library, Wellington. 242 p. (Ref. 9072)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-12920</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2007-07-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12920</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; marine; depth range 30 - 600 m (Ref. 58489)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58489&amp;speccode=12920'>Stevenson, M.L. 2004 Trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-april 2003 (KAH0304). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2004/4. 69 p. (Ref. 58489)</reference></dataObject>
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