FB-1295 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1295 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Siluriformes Ariidae Arius Arius subrostratus Valenciennes, 1840 Catfish Dusky catfish Marine catfish Sona sea catfish Sona sea-catfish Mâchoiron goujon Khaga Shingada ખાગા  શીંગડા  Shingala गागरा शिंगळा Duri Duri sona Lundu Otek Pulutan Utek ариус сумрачный Khago Bagre sona Trey kaok 印度洋海鯰 印度洋海鲶 Arius sona (Hamilton, 1822) Bagrus trachipomus Valenciennes, 1840 Hemiarius sona (Hamilton, 1822) Hexanematichthys leptocassis Bleeker, 1861 Pimelodus sona Hamilton, 1822 Sciades sona (Hamilton, 1822) Tachysurus sona (Hamilton, 1822) 1990-10-17 2018-04-04 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Jayaram, K.C.0 Ariidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3290) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Department of Fisheries0 Annual fishery statistics. Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia. (Ref. 4789) Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran0 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833) Hla Win, U.0 Checklist of fishes of Burma. Ministry of Livestock Breeding and Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, Burma. (Ref. 5736) De Bruin, G.H.P., B.C. Russell and A. Bogusch0 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The marine fishery resources of Sri Lanka. Rome, FAO. 400 p. (Ref. 11298) Rainboth, W.J.0 Fishes of the Cambodian Mekong. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. FAO, Rome, 265 p. (Ref. 12693) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Kailola, P.J.0 Ariidae (=Tachysuridae): sea catfishes (fork-tailed catfishes). p. 1827-1879. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 38478) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Kapoor, D., R. Dayal and A.G. Ponniah0 Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, India.775 p. (Ref. 45255) Kharbhari, J.P.0 Scientific, common and local names of commercially important marine fishes and shell fishes of Maharashtra and Gujarat coasts. Mar. Fish. Inf. Serv., Techn. Ext. Ser., 44:18-23. (Ref. 46402) Misra, K.S.0 Pisces. Vol. 3. Delhi, Manager of Publications. Vol. 3, 351 p. (Ref. 47918) Ricker, W.E.0 Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. (Ref. 48321) Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Meunier, F.J., R. Rojas-Beltran, T. Boujard and F. Lecomte0 Seasonal growth rhythms in some teleosts of French Guiana. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 27(4):423-440. (Ref. 51629) Singh, V.D. and M.S. Rege0 Observations and growth of <i>Tachysurus sona</i> (Ham.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65:75-87. (Ref. 52060) Marceniuk, A.P. and N.A. Menezes0 Systematics of the family Ariidae (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes), with a redefinition of the genera. Zootaxa 1416:1-126. (Ref. 58022) Ferraris, C.J. Jr.0 Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types. Zootaxa 1418:1-628. (Ref. 58032) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. 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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 35(5):1218-1220. (Ref. 114032) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Marceniuk, A.P., C. Oliveira and C.J. Ferraris Jr.0 A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data. Zool.J. Linn. Soc. 200(2):426-476. (Ref. 130933) FB-pic-1294-11823 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-08-29 2010-08-19 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Arson_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Arson_u0.gif FB-pic-1294-11824 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-08-29 1997-04-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Arson_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Arson_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2013-11-29 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Inhabits coastal waters, as well as estuaries and tidal rivers. Feeds mainly on invertebrates and small fishes. The sharp dorsal and pectoral fin spines can inflict painful wounds. Sold mostly fresh and dried-salted in markets. Jayaram, K.C. 1984 Ariidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3290) FB-Distribution-1294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2020-03-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 Indo-West Pacific: ranges from Pakistan eastwards to Thailand and southwards to Indonesia and Polynesia. Known from the Mekong delta (Ref. 12693). Jayaram, K.C. 1984 Ariidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3290) FB-Uses-1294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2013-11-29 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 fisheries: commercial Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833) FB-Migration-1294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2013-11-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692). Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-1294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2013-11-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1294&StockCode=1311 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Distinct pairing. Mouth brooding may be employed as a parenting strategy (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-Size-1294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2013-11-29 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 92.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3290)); max. reported age: 6 years (Ref. 52060) Jayaram, K.C. 1984 Ariidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3290) Singh, V.D. and M.S. Rege 1968 Observations and growth of <i>Tachysurus sona</i> (Ham.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65:75-87. (Ref. 52060) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2013-11-29 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1294 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size demersal; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 50 - 60 m Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)